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1.2.2:海事法规

本公约各缔约方,

注意到若干国际公约十分重视对海上遇险人员的施救和每一沿海国家为海岸值守及搜救服务作出适当及有效的安排,

考虑到1960年国际海上人命安全会议通过的第40号建议,该建议认识到在若干政府间组织中对海上及海空安全进行协作活动的需要,

期望通过制定适应海运中救助海上遇险人员需要的国际海上搜寻救助规划来发展和促进这些活动,

希望增进全世界搜寻救助组织间和参加海上搜寻救助活动者之间的合作,

经协议如下:

第一条 公约的一般义务

各缔约方保证采取一切必要的立法或其它相应的措施,以全部实施本公约及其附件,该附件是本公约的组成部分。除另有明文规定外,凡引用本公约即同时构成引用其附件。

第二条 其它条约及解释

一、 本公约的任何规定,不得损害根据联合国大会(XXV)第2750号决议召开的联合国海洋法会议对海洋法的编纂和发展,也不得损害任何国家目前和今后就海洋法以及沿海国和船旗国的管辖权的性质和范围所提出的要求和法律上的意见。

二、 本公约的任何条款不得解释为与其它国际文件中所规定的船舶义务或权利相抵触。

第三条 修正案

一、 本公约可按以下第二款和第三款所规定的任一程序予以修正。

二、 在政府间海事协商组织(以下简称本组织)内审议后的修正:

1. 一缔约方提议并送交本组织秘书长(以下简称秘书长)的任何修正案或秘书长因国际民用航空公约附件12的相应条款修正的结果认为必要的任何修正案,应在本组织海上安全委员会审议以前至少六个月通知本组织所有会员及所有缔约方。

2. 缔约方,不论其是否为本组织会员,均有权参加海上安全委员会的审议和通过修正案的活动。

3. 修正案应由出席海上安全委员会并投票的缔约方2/3多数通过,但在通过时,至少应有1/3的缔约方出席。

4. 按照第3项通过的修正案应由秘书长通知所有缔约方,以供接受。

5. 对本公约某一条或附件第2?1?4、2?1?5、2?1.7、2?1?10、3?1?2或3?1?3款的每一项修正案,应在秘书长收到2/3缔约方的接受文件之日起视为已被接受。

6. 对附件第2?1?4、2?1?5、2?1?7、2?1?10、3?1?2或3.1.3款以外的每一项修正案,应在通知缔约方以供接受之日起一年后视为已被接受。但在此一年内,如有1/3以上的缔约方通知秘书长反对该项修正案,则此修正案应视为未被接受。

7. 本公约某一条或附件第2?1?4、2?1?5、2?1?7、2?1?10、3?1?2或3?1?3款的每一项修正案:

(1) 对接受此修正案的缔约方自修正案视为已被接受之日起六个月后生效。

(2) 对已符合第5项所述条件之后而在修正案生效前接受此项修正案的缔约方,自修正案生效之日起生效;

(3) 对在修正案生效之日后接受此项修正案的缔约方,自接受文件交存之日起30天后生效。

8. 对附件第2?1?4、2?1?5、2?1?7、2?1?10、3?1?2或3?1?3款以外的每一项修正案,自其视为已被接受之日起六个月后对所有缔约方生效,然而根据第6项曾反对此项修正案而又未撤销其反对意见的缔约方除外。但在确定生效之日前,任何缔约方可以通知秘书长,在此项修正案生效之日起不长于一年的时间内,或者在海上安全委员会通过此项修正案时,经到会并投票的缔约方2/3多数确定的更长时间内,对其免予执行。

三、 会议修正:

1. 应一缔约方的请求,并至少有1/3缔约方的同意,本组织应召开缔约方会议以审议本公约的修正案。所提出的修正案,应由秘书长在会议审议前至少六个月通知所有缔约方。

2. 修正案应由出席本会议并投票的缔约方2/3多数通过,但在通过时,至少应有1/3的缔约方出席。其所通过的修正案,应由秘书长通知所有缔约方,以供接受。

3. 除会议另有决定外,修正案应分别按照第二款5、6、7和8项的规定视为已被接受和生效,但应将第二款8项中所指的按照第二款2项扩大的海上安全委员会看作是指本会议。

四、 对于修正案的接受或反对的任何声明,或根据第二款8项所提出的任何通知,均应书面提交秘书长,秘书长应将任何此类文件及其收到日期通知所有缔约方。

五、 秘书长应将任何生效的修正案连同每项修正案的生效日期通知各国。

第四条 签署、批准、接受、核准和加入

一、 本公约自1979年11月1日至1980年10月31日在本组织总部开放供签署,此后继续开放供加入,各国可按下列方式成为本公约的缔约方:

1. 签署并对批准、接受或核准无保留;或

2. 签署而有待批准、接受或核准,随后再予批准、接受或核准;或

3. 加入。

二、 批准、接受、核准或加入,应向秘书长交存一份相应的文件。

三、 秘书长应将任何签署,或批准、接受、核准或加入的任何文件的交存及其交存日期通知各国。

第五条 生 效

一、 本公约应在15个国家按第四条规定成为缔约方之日后满12个月生效。

二、 对已达到第一款所述条件,而在公约生效前按第四条规定批准、接受、核准或加入本公约的国家,应自本公约生效之日起生效。

三、 对在本公约生效之日后批准、接受、核准或加入本公约的国家,应自其按第四条规定交存文件之日后满30天生效。

四、 在本公约的修正案,按第三条规定生效之日后交存的批准、接受、核准或加入的任何文件,应适用于已修正的公约,已修正的公约应自文件交存之日后满30天对交存此文件的国家生效。

五、 秘书长应将本公约的生效日期通知各国。

第六条 退 出

一、 任何缔约方,在本公约对其生效满五年后,可随时退出本公约。

二、 退出应向秘书长交存一份退出文件。秘书长应将收到的任何退出文件和收到日期以及退出的生效日期通知各国。

三、 退出应在秘书长收到退出文件一年后,或该文件中所载的较此为长的期限届满后生效。

第七条 保存和登记

一、 本公约应交秘书长保存,秘书长应将核证无误的本公约副本分送各国。

二、 本公约一经生效,秘书长应即按照联合国宪章第一百零二条的规定,将其文本送联合国秘书长登记并公布。

第八条 文 字

本公约正本一份,用中文、英文、法文、俄文和西班牙文写成,各种文本具有同等效力。另备有阿拉伯文、德文和意大利文的正式译本,与签署的正本一并存放。

本公约于1979年4月27日订于汉堡。

具名于下的经各自政府正式授权的代表特签署本公约,以昭信守。

1979年国际海上搜寻救助公约

公约附件(大会通过的文本)

第一章 名词和定义

1.1 本附件中使用"须"字时,说明为海上人命安全起见,要求所有缔约方一致应用这一条款。

1.2 本附件中使用"应"字时,说明为海上人命安全起见,建议所有缔约方一致应用这一条款。

1.3 本附件中所使用的下列名词,其含义如下:

1. 搜救区域 在规定的范围内提供搜救服务的区域。

2. 救助协调中心 在搜救区域内负责推动各种搜救服务有效组织的和协调搜救工作指挥的单位。

3. 救助分中心 在搜救区域的特定地区内为辅助救助协调中心而设置的录属于该中心的单位。

4. 海岸值守单位 指定为对沿海地区船舶安全保持值守的固定或流动的陆上单位。

5. 救助单位 由受过训练的人员组成并配有适于迅速执行搜救工作设备的船舶(或航空器)。

6. 现场指挥 指定在特定搜寻区域内对搜救工作进行协调的救助单位的指挥人。

7. 海面搜寻协调船 指定在特定搜寻区域内对海面搜救工作进行协调的非救助单位。

8. 紧急阶段 根据具体情况而指的不明、告警或遇险阶段的统称。

9. 不明阶段 对船舶及船上人员的安全处于不明的情况。

10. 戒备阶段 对船舶及船上人员的安全产生令人忧虑的情况。

11. 遇险阶段 有理由确信船舶或人员有严重和紧急危险而需要立即救援的情况。

12. 迫降 系指航空器被迫在水上降落。

第二章 组 织

2.1 对提供和协调搜寻救助服务的安排

2.1.1 各缔约方须保证为在其海岸附近的海上遇险人员提供适当搜救服务作出必要的安排。

2.1.2 各缔约方须向秘书长提供有关他们的搜救组织及以后重要变动的情况,包括:

1. 全国性的海上搜救服务部门;

2. 已建立的救助协调中心的地点,它们的电话及电传号码和所负责的区域;

3. 由它们指挥的主要救助单位。

2.1.3 秘书长须用适当的方式将第2.1.2条中所述的情况转达给各缔约方。

2.1.4 每一搜救区域都须通过有关缔约方之间的协议来建立,并须将此项协议通知秘书长。

2.1.5 如有关缔约方在搜救区域的具体范围上不能达成协议时,这些缔约方须尽他们的最大努力在该区域内提供搜救服务的等效全面协调的相应安排上达成协议。此项安排须通知秘书长。

2.1.6 秘书长须将第2.1.4和2.1.5条中所述的协议或安排通知所有缔约方。

2.1.7 搜救区域的划分不涉及并不得损害国家之间边界的划分。

2.1.8 各缔约方应使其搜救服务能对遇险呼叫迅速作出反应。

2.1.9 当缔约方收到在其提供搜救工作的全面协调的区域内的海上有人遇险的情报时,该缔约方的负责当局须采取紧急步骤提供可取得的最适当的救援。

2.1.10 各缔约方须保证对任何海上遇险人员提供救援。提供救援须不考虑这种人员的国籍或身份,或者遇险人员所处的情况。

2.2 搜寻救助设施的协调

2.2.1 各缔约方须为其海岸附近提供搜救服务所需设施的协调作好准备。

2.2.2 各缔约方须为搜救服务的全面协调建立一个全国性的机构。

2.3 救助协调中心和救助分中心的建立

2.3.1 各缔约方须为其搜救服务建立救助协调中心和其认为适当的救助分中心,以符合第2.2.1和2.2.2条的要求。

2.3.2 每一缔约方的主管当局都须确定救助分中心所负责的区域。

2.3.3 根据第2.3.1条建立的每一救助协调中心和救助分中心都须有通过海岸无线电台或其他方面接收遇险通信的适当设施。每一个此种中心和分中心还须有与其救助单位和根据情况与其毗连区的救助协调中心或救助分中心通信的适当设施。

2.4 救助单位的指定

2.4.1 各缔约方须:

1. 指定地点和设备都合适的国家或其他相应的公私服务机构或其所属部分作为救助单位;或

2. 指定不适于指派为救助单位但能参加救助工作的国家或其他相应的公私服务机构或其所属部分作为搜救组织的组成部分,并规定其职责。

2.5 救助单位的设施和设备

2.5.1 每一救助单位都须配置与其任务相适应的设施和设备。

2.5.2 每一救助单位都应有与从事同一工作的其他单位或组成部分之间的迅速而可靠的通信设施。

2.5.3 投向幸存人员装有救生设备的容器或包裹应有以2.5.4条规定的颜色标记和印刷说明及通用的一目了然的符号说明其内容的一般性质。

2.5.4 装有救生设备可投掷的容器和包裹的内容的颜色标记,应采用下述彩带方式表示:

1. 红色――医疗用品及急救设备;

2. 蓝色――食物及水;

3. 黄色――毛毯及防护衣服;

4. 黑色――杂项用品,如炉子、斧子、罗经和炊具。

2.5.5 用同一个容器或包裹投掷装有多种性质的用品时,应同时使用各种颜色标记。

2.5.6 救生设备的使用说明应装在每个可投掷的容器或包裹内。使用说明应用英文和至少其他两种文字印刷。

第三章 合 作

3.1 国家之间的合作

3.1.1 各缔约方须协调其搜救组织,在必要时其搜救工作应与邻近国家相配合。

3.1.2 除有关国家之间另有协议外,缔约方在其适用的国家法律、规章制度的约束下,应批准其他缔约方的救助单位只是为了搜寻发生海难的地点和救助该海难中遇险人员的目的,立即进入或越过其领海或领土。在这种情况下,只要可行、搜救工作须由批准进入的缔约方的相应的救助协调中心或该缔约方指定的其他当局加以协调。

3.1.3 除有关国家之间另有协议外,缔约方的当局只是为了搜寻发生海难的地点和救助该海难中遇险人员的目的,希望其救助单位进入或越过另一缔约方领海或领土者,须向该另一缔约方的救助协调中心或经该缔约方指定的其他当局发出请求,详细说明所计划的任务及其必要性。

3.1.4 缔约方的主管当局;

1. 须立即告知已收到此项请求;

2. 如对执行其计划任务有条件,须尽快说明。

3.1.5 各缔约方应与邻近的国家签订协议,载明救助单位相互进入或越过其本国领海或领土的条件。这些协议还应规定以最简化的手续使该救助单位迅速进入。

3.1.6 每一缔约方都应授权其救助协调中心:

1. 向其他救助协调中心请求协助,包括可能需要的船舶、航空器、人员或设备;

2. 对于此类船舶、航空器、人员或设备进入或越过其领海或领土给予必要的批准;

3. 为加快此项进入,与相应的海关、移民或其他当局作出必要的安排。

3.1.7 每一缔约方都应授权其救助协调中心在遇有请求时,向其他救助协调中心提供协助,包括船舶、航空器、人员或设备等方式的协助。

3.1.8 各缔约方应与邻近国家就合办设施、建立共同程序、进行联合训练及演习、定期检查国家间的通信电路、救助协调中心人员的联络性访问和交换有关搜救情报等事项签订搜救方面的协议。

3.2 与航空服务的协调

3.2.1 各缔约方须保证海上服务与航空服务间最密切可行的协调,以便在其搜救区域内或该区域的上空,提供最有力和有效的搜救服务。

3.2.2 每一缔约方在切实可行时都应建立联合的救助协调中心及救助分中心,为海上及航空两方面服务。

3.2.3 当建立单独的海上和航空救助协调中心或救助分中心为同一区域服务时,有关缔约方须保证各中心或各分中心之间最密切可行的协作。

3.2.4 各缔约方须保证为海上服务及为航空服务而建立的救助单位尽可能使用共同程序。

第四章 准备措施

4.1 对情报的要求

4.1.1 每一救助协调中心及救助分中心都须备有在其区域内有关搜救工作的最新资料,其中包括下列几个方面:

1. 救助单位和海岸值守单位;

2. 对搜救可能有用的任何其他公私物资,包括运输设备和燃料供应;

3. 在搜救工作中可使用的通信工具;

4. 运输代理行、领事当局、国际组织和可能协助取得有关船舶重要情报的其他机构的名称、电报及电传挂号、电话及电传号码;

5. 可能用于搜救工作的一切无线电台的位置、呼号或海上移动业务识别号、值班时间和频率;

6. 为搜救区域发布气象预报及警报的所有海岸无线电台的位置、呼号或海上移动业务识别号、值班时间和频率。

7. 保有无线电值班和守听频率的服务站点的位置和值班时间;

8. 可能被误认为未找到或未报告的残骸的物体;

9. 存放可投掷的应急救生设备物资的地点。

4.1.2 每一救助协调中心及救助分中心都应能迅速得到关于在其区域内可能向海上遇险船舶或遇险人员提供援助的船舶的位置、航向、航速及呼号或船舶电台识别号等方面的情报。这种情报须保存在救助协调中心或必要时能迅速取得。

4.1.3 每一救助协调中心及救助分中心为了显示和标绘在其区域内有关搜救工作的情况,都须备有大比例尺地图。

4.2 工作计划或指示

4.2.1 每一救助协调中心及救助分中心都须作出或提供在其区域内进行搜救活动的详细计划或指示。

4.2.2 计划或指示须尽可能对用于搜救工作的,包括其他国家提供的船舶、航空器及车辆的维修和加油作出安排。

4.2.3 计划或指示内应有关于在本区域中从事搜救工作所采取的各种行动的详细情况,包括:

1. 进行搜救工作的方式;

2. 现有的通信系统及设备的使用;

3. 根据情况与其他救助协调中心或救助分中心联合采取的行动;

4. 向海上船舶和在航路上的航空器告警的方法;

5. 被指派为搜救工作人员的职责和权限;

6. 因气象或其他情况需对设备可能进行的重新部署;

7. 取得有关搜救活动的重要情报(如相应的航行通告、气象及海况报告和预报)的方法;

8. 根据情况从其他救助协调中心或救助分中心取得可能需要的协助,包括船舶、航空器及人员或设备的方法;

9. 帮助赴援船舶或其他船舶到约定地点与遇险船舶会合的方法;

10. 帮助迫降的遇险航空器到约定地点与水面船艇会合的方法。

4.3 救助单位的准备程序

4.3.1 每一被指定的救助单位都须保持处于与其任务相适应的准备状态,并应使相应的救助协调中心或救助分中心随时了解其准备情况。

第五章 工作程序

5.1 关于紧急情况的情报

5.1.1 各缔约方须保证在国际遇险频率上连续保持认为可行和必要的无线电值守。收到任何遇险呼叫或电信的海岸无线电台须:

1. 立即通知适当的救助协调中心或救助分中心;

2. 在一个或几个国际遇险频率上或任何其他适当的频率上根据需要予以重播以通知船舶;

3. 在进行这种重播以前,如果没有发自动报警信号,则先发适当的自动报警信号;

4. 采取主管当局决定的下一步行动。

5.1.2 任何当局或搜救组织的组成部分,确信某一船舶处于紧急状态时,应尽快将一切现有的情报传达给有关的救助协调中心或救助分中心。

5.1.3 救助协调中心或救助分中心收到船舶处于紧急状态的情报,须立即对其加以估量,依照第5.2条确定其紧急的阶段和所需的工作。

5.2 紧急阶段

5.2.1 为便于工作起见,须对下列紧急阶段加以区分:

1. "不明阶段":

1.1 据报船舶过期未抵达其目的港时,或

1.2 船舶不能作出预期的船位报告或安全报告时。

2. "告警阶段":

2.1 在不明阶段之后,试图与船舶建立联系失败和向其他有关方面的查询未成功时,或

2.2 得到情报,说明船舶操纵能力受到损害,但尚未达到可能遇险的程度时。

3. "遇险阶段":

3.1 得到可靠情报,船舶或人员处于严重和逼近的危险中并需要立即救援时,或

3.2 在告警阶段之后,当试图与船舶建立联系和作更广泛的调查未成功,说明船舶有遇险的可能性时,或

3.3 当得到情报,说明船舶的操纵能力已受损害至可能遇险的程度时。

5.3 在紧急阶段中救助协调中心和救助分中心的工作程序

5.3.1 一经宣布不明阶段,须酌情由救助协调中心或救助分中心着手调查,以便确定船舶安全或者宣布告警阶段。

5.3.2 一经宣布告警阶段,须酌情由救助协调中心或救助分中心扩大对失踪船舶的调查,向适当的搜救服务部门告警,并着手第5.3.3节中所述的、根据具体情况所需要的行动。

5.3.3 一经宣布遇险阶段,须酌情由救助协调中心或救助分中心:

1. 依照第4.2条所述的安排开始行动;

2. 适时地估计船位不明的程度,并确定所要搜寻的任何区域范围;

3. 如有可能,通知船东或其代理人,并使其了解事态发展的情况;

4. 通知可能需要其协助的或可能与工作有关的其他救助协调中心或救助分中心;

5. 考虑到在海洋区域内的大多数遇险情况中,附近的其他船舶对搜救工作是重要的因素,及早向未列入搜救组织之内的航空器、船舶或服务部门请求可取得的帮助;

6. 根据现有的情报,拟订概括的工作实施计划,并将该计划通知按第5.7和5.8条内所指定的负责方面,以给予指导;

7. 根据情况对第5.3.3.6条内已作出的指导做必要的修改;

8. 通知有关的领事或外交当局,如果该事件涉及难民或被迫离开原居住国者则通知主管的国际组织的办事处;

9. 通知相应的事故调查当局;

10. 在不再需要其援助时,根据情况与第5.7或5.8条所指定的负责方面商议,通知第5.3.3.5条中所述的任何航空器、船舶或其他服务部门。

5.3.4 对位置不明的船舶开始搜救工作

5.3.4.1 一经宣布位置不明的船舶进入紧急阶段,则:

1. 当救助协调中心或救助分中心获悉有船舶进入紧急阶段而又不了解其他中心是否采取相应行动时,它须负责开始采取适当的行动并与邻近的中心商议,以期指定某一个中心立即负起责任;

2. 除非有关中心共同协商另有决定外,须按照船舶最后报告的位置,指定其所在区域的负责中心为中心。

3. 在宣布进入遇险阶段后,必要时,协调搜救工作的中心须将一切紧急状态及一切以后的发展情况,通知其他适当的中心。

5.3.5 向已被宣布进入紧急阶段的船舶传达情报

5.3.5.1 只要可行,负责搜救工作的救助协调中心或救助分中心须将其开始进行搜救工作的情报传达给已被宣布进入紧急阶段的船舶。

5.4 涉及两个或几个缔约方的协调

5.4.1 在整个搜救区域内所进行的工作由一个以上的缔约方负责,而该区域的救助协调中心又提出请求时,每一缔约方都须按照第4.2条所述的工作计划或指示,采取相应的行动。

5.5 搜救工作的结束和中止

5.5.1 不明阶段和告警阶段

5.5.1.1 当处在不明阶段或告警阶段中,相应的救助协调中心或救助分中心得到紧急状态已不存在的情报时,须将此情报通知它已令其行动或已通知过的任何当局、单位或服务部门。

5.5.2 遇险阶段

5.5.2.1 当处在遇险阶段中,相应的救助协调中心或救助分中心从遇险船舶或其他适当的渠道获悉紧急状态已不存在时,须采取必要的行动结束搜救工作,并通知它已令其行动或已通知过的任何当局、单位或服务部门。

5.5.2.2 如处在遇险阶段中,经确定不应继续进行搜寻时,相应的救助协调中心或救助分中心须中止搜救工作,并将此情况通知已令其行动或已通知过的任何当局、单位或服务部门。对以后收到的情报应加以估量,并须在根据该情报认为有必要时恢复搜救工作。

5.5.2.3 如处在遇险阶段中,经确定进一步搜寻不会有效时,相应的救助协调中心或救助分中心须结束搜救工作,并将此情报通知已令其行动或已通知过的任何当局、单位或服务部门。

5.6 搜救活动的现场协调

5.6.1 从事搜救工作的各单位的活动,不论其为救助单位或其他协助单位都须加以协调,以保证取得最有效的结果。

5.7 现场指挥的指定及其职责

5.7.1 搜救单位即将进行搜救工作时,应尽早并且最好在到达规定的搜寻区域之前,指定其中一个单位为现场指挥。

5.7.2 适当的救助协调中心或救助分中心应指定一个现场指挥。如这种指定行不通,则有关的救助单位应相互协商指定一个现场指挥。

5.7.3 在现场指挥未指定前,第一个到达现场的救助单位应自动承担起现场指挥的职责。

5.7.4 当负责的救助协调中心或救助分中心尚未执行以下工作时,须由现场指挥负责:

1. 确定搜寻目标的可能位置、在此位置上可能的误差幅度以及搜寻区域;

2. 为从事搜寻单位的安全起见,对其间距作出安排;

3. 为参加搜寻的单位指定适当的搜寻方式并为各单位或各组合单位分配搜寻区域;

4. 找到搜寻目标后指定适当的单位施救;

5. 协调现场搜寻救助的通信。

5.7.5 现场指挥还须负责以下工作:

1. 向正在对搜救工作进行协调的救助协调中心或救助分中心定时报告;

2. 向正在对搜救工作进行协调的救助协调中心或救助分中心报告脱险者的数目和姓名;向中心提供载有脱险者的单位的名称和目的地,报告每一单位上载有哪些脱险者和在必要时向中心请求额外的援助,例如将重伤脱险者撤离治疗等。

5.8 海面搜寻协调船的指定及其职责

5.8.1 如无救助单位(包括军舰)担任现场指挥,而有若干商船或其他船舶参加搜救工作时,应通过相互协商指定其中一艘为海面搜寻协调船。

5.8.2 海面搜寻协调船应尽早并最好在到达规定的搜寻区域之前予以指定。

5.8.3 海面搜寻协调船应就该船能力所及并尽可能多地对第5.7.4及5.7.5条所列的任务负责。

5.9 最初的行动

5.9.1 收到发生遇险事故情报的任何单位,须在其能力的范围内,立即采取一切行动进行援助,或者向有可能进行援助的其他单位报警,并通知发生事故区域的救助协调中心或救助分中心。

5.10 搜寻区域

5.10.1 依照第5.3.3.2、5.7.4.1或5.8.3条确定的搜寻区域可由现场指挥或海面搜寻协调船作适当的变更,并应将其行动和变更的理由通知救助协调中心或救助分中心。

5.11 搜寻方式

5.11.1 依照第5.3.3.6、5.7.4.3或5.8.3条指定的搜寻方式,如现场指挥或海面搜寻协调船认为必要时可变更为其他方式,他们应将其行动和变更的理由通知救助协调中心或救助分中心。

5.12 搜寻成功

5.12.1 搜寻成功时,现场指挥或海面搜寻协调船应指挥设备最适合的单位进行救助或提供其他必要的援助。

5.12.2 在适当的时候,施救单位应将其所载的脱险人员数目及姓名、是否全部人员均已脱险、是否需要额外援助,例如撤离治疗,以及该单位的目的地情况,通知现场指挥或海面搜寻协调船。

5.12.3 搜寻成功时,现场指挥或海面搜寻协调船应立即通知救助协调中心或救助分中心。

5.13 搜寻无效

5.13.1 搜寻工作只有在对救助幸存人员不再有任何合乎情理的希望后才应结束。

5.13.2 协调搜救工作的救助协调中心或救助分中心通常应负责结束搜寻。

5.13.3 在不属于救助协调中心负责范围以内的遥远的海洋区域或负责的中心不能对其搜救工作进行协调时,可由现场指挥或海面搜寻协调船负责结束搜寻。

第六章 船舶报告制度

6.1 总则

6.1.1 各缔约方在认为对促进搜救工作有必要和可行时,应建立船舶报告制度,以供在其负责的任何搜救区域内实行。

6.1.2 拟建立船舶报告制度的各缔约方应考虑本组织的有关建议。

6.1.3 船舶报告制度应提供最新的关于船舶正常运行的情报,万一发生遇险事故,以便:

1. 在没有收到遇险信号时,减少同船舶失去联系与开始搜救工作之间的间隔时间;

2. 可以迅速确定能被召来提供援助的船舶;

3. 在遇险船舶的位置不明或不定时,可划定一定范围的搜寻区域;

4. 易于给没有随船医生的船舶提供紧急医疗援助或诊视。

6.2 工作要求

6.2.1 为达到第6.1.3条所述的目的,船舶报告制度应满足下列工作要求:

1. 提供包括航行计划及船位报告的情报,以便可能预知执行本制度的船舶未来的位置;

2. 保持船舶航行的标绘;

3. 每隔一定的时间接收来自执行本制度船舶的报告;

4. 简化制度的设计和运用;

5. 使用国际统一的标准船舶报告格式和国际统一的标准程序。

6.3 报告种类

6.3.1 船舶报告制度应包括下列几种报告:

6.3.1.1 航行计划――报告船名、呼号或船舶电台识别号,出发日期和时间(格林威治平时),船舶出发地点、前方停靠港、计划航线、航速及预计到达日期和时间(格林威治平时)等详细情况。如有重大变化应尽快报告。

6.3.1.2 船位报告――报告船名、呼号或船舶电台识别号、日期和时间(格林威治平时)、船位、航向及航速。

6.3.1.3 最后报告――报告船名、呼号或船舶电台识别号、到达目的港或离开推行本制度的区域的日期及时间(格林威治平时)。

6.4 制度的运用

6.4.1 各缔约方应鼓励一切船舶,在为搜救的目的对收集船位情报作了安排的区域内航行时,报告其船位。

6.4.2 记录有关船位情报的各缔约方,应尽可能将其转发给为搜救的目的而要求提供该项情报的其他国家。

INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON MARITIME SEARCH AND RESCUE, 1979

Whole document

TABLE OF CONTENTS

International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue, 1979-Articles of

the Convention

International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue, 1979-Annex to the

Convention

Chapter 1-Terms and Definitions

Chapter 2-Organization

Chapter 3-Co-operation

Chapter 4-Preparatory Measures

Chapter 5-Operating Procedures

Chapter 6-Ship Reporting Systems

INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON MARITIME SEARCH AND RESCUE, 1979
ARTICLES OF THE CONVENTION (Text adopted by the Conference)
THE PARTIES TO THE CONVENTION,

NOTING the great importance attached in several conventions to the rendering of assistance to persons in distress at sea and to the establishment by every coastal State of adequate and effective arrangements for coast watching and for search and rescue services,

HAVING CONSIDERED Recommendation 40 adopted by the International

Conference on Safety of Life at Sea, 1960, which recognizes the desirability of co-ordinating activities regarding safety on and over the sea among a number of inter-governmental organizations,

DESIRING to develop and promote these activities by establishing an international maritime search and rescue plan responsive to the needs of maritime traffic for the rescue of persons in distress at sea, WISHING to promote co-operation among search and rescue organizations around the world and among those participating in search and rescue operations at sea,

HAVE AGREED as follows:

Article I General obligations under the Convention

The Parties undertake to adopt all legislative or other appropriate measures necessary to give full effect to the Convention and its Annex, which is an integral part of the Convention. Unless expressly provided otherwise, a reference to the Convention constitutes at the same time a reference to its Annex.

Article II Other treaties and interpretation

(1) Nothing in the Convention shall prejudice the codification and development of the law of the sea by the United Nations Conference on the

Law of the Sea convened pursuant to Resolution 2750 (XXV) of the General Assembly of the United Nations nor the present or future claims and legal views of any State concerning the law of the sea and the nature and extent of coastal and flag State jurisdiction.

(2) No provision of the Convention shall be construed as prejudicing obligations or rights of vessels provided for in other international instruments.

Article III Amendments

(1) The Convention may be amended by either of the procedures specified in paragraphs (2) and (3) hereinafter.

(2) Amendment after consideration within the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (hereinafter referred to as the "Organization"):

(a) Any amendment proposed by a Party and transmitted to the

Secretary-General of the Organization (hereinafter referred to as "the Secretary-General"), or any amendment deemed necessary by the Secretary-General as a result of an amendment to a corresponding provision of Annex 12 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, shall be circulated to all Members of the Organization and all Parties at least six months prior to its consideration by the Maritime Safety Committee of the Organization.

(b) Parties, whether or not Members of the Organization, shall be entitled to participate in the proceedings of the Maritime Safety Committee for the consideration and adoption of amendments.

? Amendments shall be adopted by a two-thirds majority of the Parties present and voting in the Maritime Safety Committee on condition that at least one third of the Parties shall be present at the time of adoption of the amendment.

(d) Amendments adopted in accordance with sub-paragraph shall be communicated by the Secretary-General to all Parties for acceptance.

(e) An amendment to an Article or to paragraphs 2.1.4, 2.1.5,

2.1.7, 2.1.10, 3.1.2 or 3.1.3 of the Annex shall be deemed to have been accepted on the date on which the Secretary-General has received an instrument of acceptance from two-thirds of the Parties.

(f) An amendment to the Annex other than to paragraphs 2.1.4,

2.1.5, 2.1.7, 2.1.10, 3.1.2, or 3.1.3 shall be deemed to have been accepted at the end of one year from the date on which it is communicated to the Parties for acceptance. However, if within such period of one year more than one third of the Parties notify the Secretary-General that they object to the amendment, it shall be deemed not to have been accepted.

(g) An amendment to an Article or to paragraphs 2.1.4, 2.1.5,

2.1.7, 2.1.10, 3.1.2 or 3.1.3 of the Annex shall enter into force:

(i) with respect to those Parties which have accepted it, six months after the date on which it is deemed to have been accepted;

(ii) with respect to those Parties which accept it after the condition mentioned in sub-paragraph (e) has been met and before the amendment enters into force, on the date of entry into force of the amendment;

(iii) with respect to those Parties which accept it after the date on which the amendment enters into force, 30 days after the deposit of an instrument of acceptance.

(h) An amendment to the Annex other than to paragraphs 2.1.4,

2.1.5, 2.1.7, 2.1.10, 3.1.2 or 3.1.3 shall enter into force with respect to all Parties, except those which have objected to the amendment under sub-paragraph (f) and which have not withdrawn such objections, six months after the date on which it is deemed to have been accepted. However, before the date set for entry into force, any Party may give notice to the Secretary-General that it exempts itself from giving effect to that amendment for a period not longer than one year from the date of its entry into force, or for such longer period as may be determined by a two-thirds majority of the Parties present and voting in the Maritime Safety Committee at the time of the adoption of the amendment.

(3) Amendment by a conference:

(a) Upon the request of a Party concurred in by at least one third of the Parties, the Organization shall convene a conference of Parties to consider amendments to the Convention. Proposed amendments shall be circulated by the Secretary-General to all Parties at least six months prior to their consideration by the conference.

(b) Amendments shall be adopted by such a conference by a two-thirds majority of the Parties present and voting, on condition that at least one third of the Parties shall be present at the time of adoption of the amendment. Amendments so adopted shall be communicated by the Secretary-General to all Parties for acceptance.

Unless the conference decides otherwise, the amendment shall be deemed to have been accepted and shall enter into force in accordance with the procedures specified in sub-paragraphs (2) (e), (2) (f), (2) (g) and (2) (h) respectively, provided that reference in sub-paragraph (2) (h) to the Maritime Safety Committee expanded in accordance with subparagraph

(2) (b) shall be taken to mean reference to the conference.

(4) Any declaration of acceptance of, or objection to, an amendment or any notice given under sub-paragraph (2) (h) shall be submitted in writing to the Secretary-General who shall inform all Parties of any such submission and the date of its receipt.

(5) The Secretary-General shall inform States of any amendments which enter into force, together with the date on which each such amendment enters into force.

Article IV Signature, ratification, acceptance, approval and ac-cession

(1) The Convention shall remain open for signature at the Headquarters

of the Organization from 1 November 1979 until 31 October 1980 and shall thereafter remain open for accession. States may become Parties to the

Convention by:

(a) signature without reservation as to ratification, acceptance

or approval; or

(b) signature subject to ratification, acceptance or approval, followed by ratification, acceptance or approval; or accession.

(2) Ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument to that effect with the Secretary-General.

(3) The Secretary-General shall inform States of any signature or of the deposit of any instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession and the date of its deposit.

Article V Entry into force

(1) The Convention shall enter into force 12 months after the date on which 15 States have become Parties to it in accordance with Article IV.

(2) Entry into force for States which ratify, accept, approve or accede to the Convention in accordance with Article IV after the condition prescribed in paragraph (1) has been met and before the Convention enters into force, shall be on the date of entry into force of the Convention.

(3) Entry into force for States which ratify, accept, approve or accede to the Convention after the date on which the Convention enters

into force shall be 30 days after the date of deposit of an instrument in accordance with Article IV.

(4) Any instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession deposited after the date of entry into force of an amendment to the Convention in accordance with Article III shall apply to the Convention, as amended, and the Convention, as amended, shall enter into force for a State depositing such an instrument 30 days after the date of its deposit.

(5) The Secretary-General shall inform States of the date of entry into force of the Convention.

Article VI Denunciation

(1) The Convention may be denounced by any Party at any time after the expiry of five years from the date on which the Convention enters into force for that Party.

(2) Denunciation shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument of denunciation with the Secretary-General who shall notify States of any instrument of denunciation received and of the date of its receipt as well as the date on which such denunciation takes effect.

(3) A denunciation shall take effect one year, or such longer period as may be specified in the instrument of denunciation, after its receipt by the Secretary-General.

Article VII Deposit and registration

(1) The Convention shall be deposited with the Secretary-General who shall transmit certified true copies thereof to States.

(2) As soon as the Convention enters into force, the Secretary-General hall transmit the text thereof to the Secretary-General of the United Nations for registration and publication, in accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.

Article VIII Languages

The Convention is established in a single copy in the Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish languages, each text being equally authentic. Official translations in the Arabic, German and Italian languages shall be prepared and deposited with the signed original.

DONE AT HAMBURG this twenty-seventh day of April one thousand nine hundred and seventy-nine.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned *, being duly authorized by their respective Governments for that purpose, have signed the Convention.

[* Signatures Omitted.]

INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON MARITIME SEARCH AND RESCUE, 1979
ANNEX TO THE CONVENTION

(Text adopted by the Conference)

CHAPTER 1 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

1.1 "Shall" is used in the Annex to indicate a provision, the uniform application of which by all Parties is required in the interest of safety of life at sea.

1.2 "Should" is used in the Annex to indicate a provision, the uniform application of which by all Parties is recommended in the interest of safety of life at sea.

1.3 The terms listed below are used in the Annex with the following

meanings:

.1 "Search and rescue region". An area of defined dimensions

within which search and rescue services are provided.

.2 "Rescue co-ordination centre". A unit responsible for promoting efficient organization of search and rescue services and for co-ordinating the conduct of search and rescue operations within a search and rescue region.

.3 "Rescue sub-centre". A unit subordinate to a rescue

co-ordination centre established to complement the latter within a specified area within a search and rescue region.

.4 "Coast watching unit". A land unit, stationary or mobile, designated to maintain a watch on the safety of vessels in coastal areas.

.5 "Rescue unit". A unit composed of trained personnel and provided with equipment suitable for the expeditious conduct of search and rescue operations.

.6 "On-scene commander". The commander of a rescue unit designated to co-ordinate search and rescue operations within a specified search area.

.7 "Co-ordinator surface search". A vessel, other than a rescue unit, designated to co-ordinate surface search and rescue operations within a specified search area.

.8 "Emergency phase". A generic term meaning, as the case may be, uncertainty phase, alert phase or distress phase.

.9 " Uncertainty phase". A situation wherein uncertainty exists as to the safety of a vessel and the persons on board.

.10 "Alert phase". A situation wherein apprehension exists as to the safety of a vessel and of the persons on board.

.11 "Distress phase". A situation wherein there is a reasonable certainty that a vessel or a person is threatened by grave and imminent danger and requires immediate assistance.

.12 " To ditch". In the case of an aircraft, to make a forced landing on water.

CHAPTER 2 ORGANIZATION

2.1 ARRANGEMENTS FOR PROVISION AND CO-ORDINATION OF SEARCH AND RESCUE

SERVICES

2.1.1 Parties shall ensure that necessary arrangements are made for the provision of adequate search and rescue services for persons in distress at sea round their coasts.

2.1.2 Parties shall forward to the Secretary-General information on their search and rescue organization and later alterations of importance, including:

.1 national maritime search and rescue services;

.2 location of established rescue co-ordination centres, their

telephone and telex numbers and areas of responsibility; and

.3 principal available rescue units at their disposal.

2.1.3 The Secretary-General shall in a suitable way transmit to all

Parties the information referred to in paragraph 2.1.2.

2.1.4 Each search and rescue region shall be established by agreement among Parties concerned. The Secretary-General shall be notified of such agreement.

2.1.5 In case agreement on the exact dimensions of a search and rescue region is not reached by the Parties concerned, those Parties shall use their best endeavours to reach agreement upon appropriate arrangements under which the equivalent overall co-ordination of search and rescue services is provided in the area. The Secretary-General shall be notified of such arrangements.

2.1.6 The Secretary-General shall notify all Parties of the agreements or arrangements referred to in paragraphs 2.1.4 and 2.1.5.

2.1.7 The delimitation of search and rescue regions is not related to and shall not prejudice the delimitation of any boundary between States.

2.1.8 Parties should arrange that their search and rescue services are able to give prompt response to distress calls.

2.1.9 On receiving information that a person is in distress at sea in an area within which a Party provides for the overall co-ordination of search and rescue operations, the responsible authorities of that Party shall take urgent steps to provide the most appropriate assistance available.

2.1.10 Parties shall ensure that assistance be provided to any person in distress at sea. They shall do so regardless of the nationality or status of such a person or the circumstances in which that person is found.

2.2 CO-ORDINATION OF SEARCH AND RESCUE FACILITIES

2.2.1 Parties shall make provision for the co-ordination of the facilities required to provide search and rescue services round their coasts.

2.2.2 Parties shall establish a national machinery for the overall co-ordination of search and rescue services.

2.3 ESTABLISHMENT OF RESCUE CO-ORDINATION CENTRES AND RESCUE

SUB-CENTRES

2.3.1 To meet the requirements of paragraphs 2.2.1 and 2.2.2 Parties shall establish rescue co-ordination centres for their search and rescue services and such rescue sub-centres as they consider appropriate.

2.3.2 The competent authorities of each Party shall determine the area for which a rescue sub-centre is responsible.

2.3.3 Each rescue co-ordination centre and rescue sub-centre established in accordance with paragraph 2.3.1 shall have adequate means for the receipt of distress communications via a coast radio station or otherwise. Every such centre and sub-centre shall also have adequate means for communication with its rescue units and with rescue co-ordination centres or rescue sub-centres, as appropriate, in adjacent areas.

2.4 DESIGNATION OF RESCUE UNITS

2.4.1 Parties shall designate either:

.1 as rescue units, State or other appropriate public or private services suitably located and equipped, or parts thereof; or

.2 as elements of the search and rescue organization, State or other appropriate public or private services or parts thereof, not suitable for designation as rescue units, but which are able to participate in search and rescue operations, and shall define the functions of those elements.

2.5 FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT OF RESCUE UNITS

2.5.1 Each rescue unit shall be provided with facilities and equipment appropriate to its task.

2.5.2 Each rescue unit should have rapid and reliable means of communication with other units or elements engaged in the same operation.

2.5.3 Containers or packages containing survival equipment for dropping to survivors should have the general nature of their contents indicated by a colour code in accordance with paragraph 2.5.4 and by printed indication and self-explanatory symbols, to the extent that such symbols exist.

2.5.4 The colour identification of the contents of droppable containers and packages containing survival equipment should take the form of streamers coloured according to the following code:

.1 Red-medical supplies and first aid equipment;

.2 Blue-food and water;

.3 Yellow-blankets and protective clothing; and

.4 Black-miscellaneous equipment such as stoves, axes, compasses and cooking utensils.

2.5.5 Where supplies of a mixed nature are dropped in one container or package, the colour code should be used in combination.

2.5.6 Instructions on the use of the survival equipment should be enclosed in each of the droppable containers or packages. They should be printed in English and in at least two other languages.

CHAPTER 3 CO-OPERATION

3.1 CO-OPERATION BETWEEN STATES

3.1.1 Parties shall co-ordinate their search and rescue organizations and should, whenever necessary, co-ordinate search and rescue operations with those of neighbouring States.

3.1.2 Unless otherwise agreed between the States concerned, a Party should authorize, subject to applicable national laws, rules and regulations, immediate entry into or over its territorial sea or territory of rescue units of other Parties solely for the purpose of searching for the position of maritime casualties and rescuing the survivors of such casualties. In such cases, search and rescue operations shall, as far as practicable, be co-ordinated by the appropriate rescue co-ordination centre of the Party which has authorized entry, or such other authority as has been designated by that Party.

3.1.3 Unless otherwise agreed between the States concerned, the authorities of a Party which wishes its rescue units to enter into or over the territorial sea or territory of another Party solely for the purpose of searching for the position of maritime casualties and rescuing the survivors of such casualties, shall transmit a request, giving full details of the projected mission and the need for it, to the rescue co-ordination centre of that other Party, or to such other authority as has been designated by that Party.

3.1.4 The competent authorities of Parties shall:

.1 immediately acknowledge the receipt of such a request; and

.2 as soon as possible indicate the conditions, if any, under which the projected mission may be undertaken.

3.1.5 Parties should enter into agreements with neighbouring States setting forth the conditions for entry of each other’s rescue units into or over their respective territorial sea or territory. These agreements should also provide for expediting entry of such units with the least possible formalities.

3.1.6 Each Party should authorize its rescue co-ordination centres:

.1 to request from other rescue co-ordination centres such assistance, including vessels, aircraft, personnel or equipment, as may be needed;

.2 to grant any necessary permission for the entry of such vessels, aircraft, personnel or equipment into or over its territorial sea or territory; and

.3 to make the necessary arrangements with the appropriate customs, immigration or other authorities with a view to expediting such entry.

3.1.7 Each Party should authorize its rescue co-ordination centres to provide, when requested, assistance to other rescue co-ordination centres, including assistance in the form of vessels, aircraft, personnel or equipment.

3.1.8 Parties should enter into search and rescue agreements with neighbouring States regarding the pooling of facilities, establishment of common procedures, conduct of joint training and exercises, regular checks of inter-State communication channels, liaison visits by rescue co-ordination centre personnel and the exchange of search and rescue information.

3.2 CO-ORDINATION WITH AERONAUTICAL SERVICES

3.2.1 Parties shall ensure the closest practicable co-ordination between maritime and aeronautical services so as to provide for the most effective and efficient search and rescue services in and over their search and rescue regions.

3.2.2 Whenever practicable, each Party should establish joint rescue co-ordination centres and rescue sub-centres to serve both maritime and aeronautical purposes.

3.2.3 Whenever separate maritime and aeronautical rescue co-ordination centres or rescue sub-centres are established to serve the same area, the Party concerned shall ensure the closest practicable co-ordination between the centres or sub-centres.

3.2.4 Parties shall ensure as far as is possible the use of common procedures by rescue units established for maritime purposes and those established for aeronautical purposes.

CHAPTER 4 PREPARATORY MEASURES

4.1 REQUIREMENTS FOR INFORMATION

4.1.1 Each rescue co-ordination centre and rescue sub-centre shall have available up-to-date information relevant to search and rescue operations in its area including information regarding:

.1 rescue units and coast watching;

.2 any other public and private resources, including transportation facilities and fuel supplies, that are likely to be useful in search and rescue operations;

.3 means of communication that may be used in search rescue operations;

.4 names, cable and telex addresses, telephone and telex numbers of shipping agents, consular authorities, international organizations and other agencies who may be able to assist in obtaining vital information on vessels;

.5 the locations, call signs or maritime mobile service identities, hours of watch and frequencies of all radio stations likely to be employed in search and rescue operations;

.6 the locations, call signs or maritime mobile service identities, hours of watch and frequencies of all coast radio stations disseminating meteorological forecasts and warnings for the search and rescue region;

.7 the locations and hours of watch of services keeping radio watch and the frequencies guarded;

.8 objects likely to be mistaken for unlocated or unreported wreckage; and

.9 locations where supplies of droppable emergency survival equipment are stored.

4.1.2 Each rescue co-ordination centre and rescue sub-centre should have ready access to information regarding the position, course, speed and call sign or ship station identity of vessels within its area which may be able to provide assistance to vessels or persons in distress at sea. This information shall either be kept in the rescue co-ordination centre or be readily obtainable when necessary.

4.1.3 A large-scale map shall be provided at each rescue co-ordination centre and rescue sub-centre for the purpose of displaying and plotting information relevant to search and rescue operations in its area.

4.2 OPERATING PLANS OR INSTRUCTIONS

4.2.1 Each rescue co-ordination centre and rescue sub-centre shall prepare or have available detailed plans or instructions for the conduct of search and rescue operations in its area.

4.2.2 The plans or instructions shall specify arrangements for the servicing and refuelling, to the extent possible, of vessels, aircraft and vehicles employed in search and rescue operations, including those made available by other States.

4.2.3 The plans or instructions should contain details regarding

action to be taken by those engaged in search and rescue operations in the area, including:

.1 the manner in which search and rescue operations are to be conducted;

.2 the use of available communications systems and facilities;

.3 the action to be taken jointly with other rescue co-ordination centres or rescue sub-centres, as appropriate;

.4 the methods of alerting vessels at sea and en route aircraft;

.5 the duties and authority of personnel assigned to search and rescue operations;

.6 possible redeployment of equipment that may be necessitated by meteorological or other conditions;

.7 the methods of obtaining essential information relevant to search and rescue operations, such as appropriate notices to mariners and reports and forecasts of weather and sea surface conditions;

.8 the methods of obtaining from other rescue co-ordination centres or rescue sub-centres, as appropriate, such assistance as may be needed, including vessels, aircraft, personnel and equipment;

.9 the methods of assisting rescue vessels or other vessels to rendezvous with vessels in distress; and

.10 the methods of assisting distressed aircraft compelled to ditch to rendezvous with surface craft.

4.3 PREPAREDNESS OF RESCUE UNITS

4.3.1 Each designated rescue unit shall maintain a state of preparedness commensurate with its task and should keep the appropriate rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre informed of its state of preparedness.

CHAPTER 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES

5.1 INFORMATION CONCERNING EMERGENCIES

5.1.1 Parties shall ensure that continuous radio watches as are deemed practicable and necessary, are maintained on international distress frequencies. A coast radio station receiving any distress call or message shall:

.1 immediately inform the appropriate rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre;

.2 re-broadcast to the extent necessary to inform ships on one or more of the international distress frequencies or on any other appropriate frequency;

.3 precede such re-broadcasts with the appropriate automatic alarm signals unless this has already been done; and

.4 take such subsequent action as decided by the competent authority.

5.1.2 Any authority or element of the search and rescue organization

having reason to believe that a vessel is in a state of emergency should give as soon as possible all available information to the rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre concerned.

5.1.3 Rescue co-ordination centres and rescue sub-centres shall, immediately upon receipt of information concerning a vessel in a state of emergency, evaluate such information and determine the phase of emergency in accordance with paragraph 5.2 and the extent of operation required.

5.2 EMERGENCY PHASES

5.2.1 For operational purposes, the following emergency phases shall be distinguished:

.1 "Uncertainty phase":

.1.1 When a vessel has been reported overdue at its destination; or

.1.2 When a vessel has failed to make an expected position or

safety report.

.2 "Alert phase":

.2.1 When following the uncertainty phase attempts to establish contact with the vessel have failed and inquiries addressed to other appropriate sources have been unsuccessful; or

.2.2 When information has been received indicating that the

operating efficiency of a vessel is impaired but not to the extent that a distress situation is likely.

.3 "Distress phase":

.3.1 When positive information is received that a vessel or a person is in grave and imminent danger and in need of immediate assistance; or

.3.2 When following the alert phase further unsuccessful attempts to establish contact with the vessel and more widespread unsuccessful inquiries point to the probability that the vessel is in distress; or

.3.3 When information is received which indicates that the operating efficiency of a vessel has been impaired to the extent that a distress situation is likely.

5.3 PROCEDURES FOR RESCUE CO-ORDINATION CENTRES AND RESCUE SUB-CENTRES

DURING EMERGENCY PHASES

5.3.1 Upon the declaration of the uncertainty phase, the rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre, as appropriate, shall initiate inquiries in order to determine the safety of the vessel or shall declare the alert phase.

5.3.2 Upon the declaration of the alert phase, the rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre, as appropriate, shall extend the inquiries for the missing vessel. Alert appropriate search and rescue services and initiate such action, as described in paragraph 5.3.3, as is necessary in the light of the circumstances of the particular case.

5.3.3 Upon the declaration of the distress phase, the rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre, as appropriate, shall:

.1 initiate action in accordance with the arrangements set out in paragraph 4.2;

.2 where appropriate, estimate the degree of uncertainty of the vessel’s position and determine the extent of any area to be searched.

.3 notify the owner of the vessel or his agent if possible and keep him informed of developments;

.4 notify other rescue co-ordination centres or rescue sub-centres, the help of which seems likely to be required or which may be concerned in the operation;

.5 request at an early stage any help which might be available from aircraft, vessels or services not specifically included in the search and rescue organization, considering that, in the majority of distress situations in ocean areas, other vessels in the vicinity are important elements for search and rescue operations;

.6 draw up a broad plan for the conduct of the operations from the information available and communicate such plan to the authorities designated in accordance with paragraphs 5.7 and 5.8 for their guidance;

.7 amend as necessary in the light of circumstances the guidance already given in paragraph 5.3.3.6;

.8 notify the consular or diplomatic authorities concerned or, it the incident involves a refugee or displaced person, the office of the competent international organization;

.9 notify accident investigation authorities as appropriate; and

.10 notify any aircraft, vessel or other services mentioned in paragraph 5.3.3.5 in consultation with the authorities designated in accordance with paragraph 5.7 or 5.8 as appropriate, when their assistance is no longer required.

5.3.4 Initiation of search and rescue operations in respect of a vessel whose position is unknown.

5.3.4.1 In the event of an emergency phase being declared in respect of a vessel whose position is unknown, the following shall apply:

.1 when a rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre is

notified of the existence of an emergency phase and is unaware of other centres taking appropriate action, it shall assume responsibility for initiating suitable action and confer with neighbouring centres with the objective of designating one centre to assume responsibility forthwith;

.2 unless otherwise decided by agreement between the centres concerned, the centre to be designated shall be the centre responsible for the area in which the vessel was according to its last reported position; and

.3 after the declaration of the distress phase, the centre co-ordinating the search and rescue operations shall, if necessary, inform other appropriate centres of all the circumstances of the state of emergency and of all subsequent developments.

5.3.5 Passing information to vessels in respect of which an emergency phase has been declared.

5.3.5.1 Whenever applicable, the rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre responsible for search and rescue operations shall be responsible for passing to the vessel for which an emergency phase has been declared, information on the search and rescue operation it has initiated.

5.4 CO-ORDINATION WHEN TWO OR MORE PARTIES ARE INVOLVED

5.4.1 Where the conduct of operations over the entire search and rescue region is the responsibility of more than one Party, each Party shall take appropriate action in accordance with the operating plans or instructions referred to in paragraph 4.2 when so requested by the rescue co-ordination centre of the region.

5.5 TERMINATION AND SUSPENSION OF SEARCH AND RESCUE OPERATIONS

5.5.1 Uncertainty phase and alert phase

5.5.1.1 When during an uncertainty phase or an alert phase a rescue

co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre, as appropriate, is informed that the emergency no longer exists, it shall so inform any authority, unit or service which has been activated of notified.

5.5.2 Distress phase

5.5.2.1 When during a distress phase a rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre, as appropriate, is informed by the vessel in distress or other appropriate sources that the emergency no longer exists, it shall take the necessary action to terminate the search and rescue operations and to inform any authority, unit or service which has been activated or notified.

5.5.2.2 If during a distress phase it has been determined that the search should be discontinued the rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre, as appropriate, shall suspend the search and rescue operations and so inform any authority, unit or service which has been activated or notified. Informations subsequently received shall be evaluated and search and rescue operations resumed when justified on the basis of such information.

5.5.2.3 If during a distress phase it has been determined that further search would be of no avail, the rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre, as appropriate, shall terminate the search and rescue operations and so inform any authority, unit or service which has been activated or notified.

5.6 ON-SCENE CO-ORDINATION OF SEARCH AND RESCUE ACTIVITIES

5.6.1 The activities of units engaged in search and rescue operations, whether they be rescue units or other assisting units, shall be co-ordinated to ensure the most effective results.

5.7 DESIGNATION OF ON-SCENE COMMANDER AND HIS RESPONSIBILITIES

5.7.1 When rescue units are about to engage in search and rescue operations, one of them should be designated on-scene commander as early as practicable and preferable before arrival within the specified search area.

5.7.2 The appropriate rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre should designate an on-scene commander. If this is not practicable, the units involved should designate by mutual agreement an on-scene commander.

5.7.3 Until such time as an on-scene commander has been designated, the first rescue unit arriving at the scene of action should automatically assume the duties and responsibilities of an on-scene commander.

5.7.4 An on-scene commander shall be responsible for the following tasks when these have not been performed by the responsible rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre, as appropriate:

.1 determining the probable position of the object of the search, the probable margin of error in this position, and the search area;

.2 making arrangements for the separation for safety purposes of units engaged in the search;

.3 designating appropriate search patterns for the units participating in the search and assigning search areas to units or groups of units;

.4 designating appropriate units to effect rescue when the object of the search is located; and

.5 co-ordinating on-scene search and rescue communications.

5.7.5 An on-scene commander shall also be responsible for the following:

.1 making periodic reports to the rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre which is co-ordinating the search and rescue operations; and

.2 reporting the number and the names of survivors to the rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre which is co-ordinating the search and rescue operations, providing the centre with the names and destinations of units with survivors aboard, reporting which survivors are in each unit and requesting additional assistance from the centre when necessary, for example, medical evacuation of seriously injured survivors.

5.8 DESIGNATION OF CO-ORDINATOR SURFACE SEARCH AND HIS

RESPONSIBILITIES

5.8.1 If rescue units (including warships) are not available to assume the duties of an on-scene commander but a number of merchant vessels or other vessels are participating in the search and rescue operations, one of them should be designated by mutual agreement as co-ordinator surface search.

5.8.2 The co-ordinator surface search should be designated as early as practicable and preferably before arrival within the specified search area.

5.8.3 The co-ordinator surface search should be responsible for as many of the tasks listed in paragraphs 5.7.4 and 5.7.5 as the vessel is capable of performing.

5.9 INITIAL ACTION

5.9.1 Any unit receiving information of a distress incident shall take whatever immediate action to assist as is within its capability or shall alert other units which might be able to assist and shall notify the rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre in whose area the incident has occurred.

5.10 SEARCH AREAS

5.10.1 Search areas determined in accordance with paragraph 5.3.3.2,

5.7.4.1 or 5.8.3 may be altered as appropriate by the on-scene commander or the co-ordinator surface search, who should notify the rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre his action and his reasons for doing so.

5.11 SEARCH PATTERNS

5.11.1 Search patterns designated in accordance with paragraph

5.3.3.6, 5.7.4.3 or 5.8. 3 may be changed to other patterns if considered necessary by the on-scene commander or the co-ordinator surface search, who should notify the rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre of his action and his reasons for doing so.

5.12 SEARCH SUCCESSFUL

5.12.1 When the search has been successful the on-scene commander or the co-ordinator surface search should direct the most suitably equipped units to conduct the rescue or to provide other necessary assistance.

5.12.2 Where appropriate the units conducting the rescue should notify the on-scene commander or the co-ordinator surface search of the number and names of survivors aboard, whether all personnel have been accounted for and whether additional assistance is required, for example, medical evacuations, and the destination of the units.

5.12.3 The on-scene commander or the co-ordinator surface search should immediately notify the rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre when the search has been successful.

5.13 SEARCH UNSUCCESSFUL

5.13.1 The search should only be terminated when there is no longer any reasonable hope of rescuing survivors.

5.13.2 The rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre co-ordinating the search and rescue operations should normally be responsible for terminating the search.

5.13.3 In remote ocean areas not under the responsibility of a rescue co-ordination centre or where the responsible centre is not in a position to co-ordinate the search and rescue operations, the on-scene commander or the co-ordinator surface search may take responsibility for terminating the search.

CHAPTER 6 SHIP REPORTING SYSTEMS

6.1 GENERAL

6.1.1 Parties should establish a ship reporting system for application within any search and rescue region for which they are responsible, where this is considered necessary to facilitate search and rescue operations and is deemed practicable.

6.1.2 Parties contemplating the institution of a ship reporting system should take account of the relevant recommendations of the Organization.

6.1.3 The ship reporting system should provide up-to-date information on the movements of vessels in order, in the event of a distress incident:

.1 to reduce the interval between the loss of contact with a vessel and the initiation of search and rescue operations in cases where no distress signal has been received;

.2 to permit rapid determination of vessels which may be called upon to provide assistance.

.3 to permit delineation of a search area of limited size in case the position of a vessel in distress is unknown or uncertain; and

.4 to facilitate the provision of urgent medical assistance or advice to vessels not carrying a doctor.

6.2 OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS

6.2.1 To achieve the objectives set out in paragraph 6.1.3, the ship reporting system should satisfy the following operational requirements:

.1 provision of information, including sailing plans and position

reports, which would make it possible to predict the future positions of participating vessels;

.2 maintenance of a shipping plot;

.3 receipt of reports at appropriate intervals from participating vessels;

.4 simplicity in system design and operation; and

.5 use of an internationally agreed standard ship reporting format and internationally agreed standard procedures.

6.3 TYPES OF REPORTS

6.3.1 A ship reporting system should incorporate the following reports:

6.3.1.1 Sailing plan-giving name, call sign or ship station identity,

date and time (in GMT) of departure, details of the vessel’s point of departure, next port of call, intended route, speed and expected date and time (in GMT) of arrival. Significant changes should be reported as soon as possible.

6.3.1.2 Position report-giving name, call sign or ship station identity, date and time (in GMT), position, course and speed.

6.3.1.3 Final report-giving name, call sign or ship station identity, date and time (in GMT) of arrival at destination or of leaving the area covered by the system.

6.4 USE OF SYSTEMS

6.4.1 Parties should encourage all vessels to report their positions when travelling in areas where arrangements have been made to collect information on positions for search and rescue purposes.

6.4.2 Parties recording information on the position of vessels should disseminate, so far as practicable, such information to other States when so requested for search and rescue purposes.

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